Subjects

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY - 3 credits

Scientific and Technological Methodology: Science and Scientific Knowledge, Scientific Methods, Theory, Hypotheses, and Variables. The Methodology of Scientific Work: Basic Procedures, Bibliographic Research, Project and Report, Publications and Scientific Works. Research Techniques: Planning and Execution of Research, Sampling and Research Techniques, Elaboration, analysis, and interpretation of data.

APPLIED COMPUTING - 3 credits

Organization of Computers. Data Structures in Programming: arrays, lists, queues, stacks, trees, graphs, ordering, algorithms efficiency. Computer Graphics: graphic devices, Workstations. Graphic Patterns. Window and viewport concepts. Standard coordinate systems. Color Systems.

GENERAL CARTOGRAPHY - 3 credits

Basic Concepts: Object and Objectives of Cartography. History of Cartography. Subdivisions. Maps and Letters. Cartographic Communication. Cartographic Representation. Coordinate Systems. Projection Systems: Classification, Properties. Deformation Theory. Systems Conversion. Digital Cartography from Case Studies: Historical Evolution, Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer Use, Data Formats, Digital Databases. Digital Cartography X Geographic Information System. Cartographic production. Map Construction: Planning, Graphic Elements, Symbology, Guidance, Scale, Legend, Technical Limitations, Conditions of Use.


BASIC GEODESIC - 3 credits

Introduction. The Shape of the Earth. General Concepts. Terrestrial Models. The Relationship between models. Coordinate Systems. Planimetric, Altimetric and 3-D systems. Curvilinear Systems and Plans. World Geodetic Systems. Transformation of Coordinates. Transformation of Geodetic Systems. Geodetic Line. Problems Direct and Inverse Geodesics.

INTRODUCTION TO IMAGE - 3 credits

Basic Concepts, History and Evolution of Imaging. The Digital Imaging Workstations. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Absorption bands, atmospheric windows and spectral curves. Operational Optical (or passive) and Radar (or active) Sensors. Sensors: Orbital, airborne or terrestrial. Dot-Matrix Scanning: Scanning or rasterization. Image Storage and Compacting: Structures and Algorithms. Image Visualization: color systems. Image Preprocessing. Radiometric Corrections. Geometric corrections. Georeferencing. Image Statistics. Histogram. Maximum, Minimum and Average Values. Variance. Standard deviation. Correlation.


CALCULATION OF ADJUSTMENTS - 3 credits

Introduction. Probability. Random Variable. Mathematical Hope. Distribution of Probabilities. Errors. Variance-Covariance matrix. Error Propagation. Weight. Correlation. Accuracy. Minimum squares method. Point and Interval Estimation. Parametric Model (Coordinate Variation Model). Iterative process. Injunctions. Adjustment Analysis. Error Ellipse. Chi-square test. Waste. Variance-Covariance Matrix of Parameters.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - 3 credits

Analysis of more recent bibliographies and/or lectures presentation by invited professors of the area as work support  to define the inquiries development in the dissertation.

DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS - 3 credits

Basic concepts. Systems Life Cycle. Systems Design Tools: Context Diagram, Data Flow Diagram. Letter of Structures. Data dictionary. CASE tools. Logical and Physical Projects. Databases. Fundamentals; Database X File Environment; Database Management Systems. Models of Databases. The Entity-Relationship Diagram as a Conceptual Modeling Tool for Database. Definition and Data Manipulation Languages; Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus; QUEL; QBE and SQL. Database for Geographic Information System; Spatial Data Characteristics; Complex objects. Object-Oriented Databases; Technological Trends in Databases: Microcomputer Databases; Data Warehousing; Data Mining and Internet Impact.


CONSTRUCTION OF CARTOGRAPHIC BASES - 3 credits

Data Acquisition: Graphical and non graphical data; georeferencing; geometric and temporal quality; validation; Cartographic updates: scale and resolution; conceptual model; associated errors; measuring the effect of generalizations; Cartography. Visualization: Cognitive aspects and perception; realism; interactive processes; tools; use of sounds; multimedia.

SATELLITE GEODESY POSITIONING - 3 credits

Introduction, System History, System Description, Measurement Types, GPS Errors, and Dilution of Precision - DOP. Reference Systems: WGS-84, Smart Streaming, Transformation Parameters, Geoid Ripple, and Altitudes. GPS, Message, Accuracy, C / A, Standalone and Differential, Remarks with L1 / L2 Carriers, Types of Solutions, Applications, Rinex and GPS Receivers. DGPS, Post-Processing and Real Time. Interferometric, Model of Differences and Models of Survey. Practical Application, Interferometric Measurement, DGPS Measurement Applied to GIS, Processing, Results Analysis, Coordinate Transformation and Data Export. Topics Compires, Technology Trends, Applications in Different Areas, Configuration of Specific Systems, Scientific Software and RBMC.

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY - 3 credits

Menu: Basic concepts, the definition of digital photogrammetric image. Digital photogrammetry  Workstations. Digital photogrammetric imaging. Automated fast initial guess in image correlation. Photography-based Digital Imaging Techniques. Application of Photogrammetric Techniques. Accuracy Assessment of Digital Surface from  a stereo-pair. The Generation of digital ortho-images.

RESEARCH PROJECT - 3 credits

Research project elaboration, its phases on the research line and/or research group.

DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELING - 3 credits

Graphical data analysis; Main Structures and Functions. Spatial data and their distribution; Irregular structure; Methods of Triangulation; Regular structures; Grades 2-D and 3-D. Regularized estimation of image statistics; Local estimators; Mobile Estimators; Linear least squares method; Global estimators; Trend Surfaces; Global language. Interpolation methods and their applications; Polynomial interpolators; Splines and splines; Algorithms to draw contour lines; Algorithms for plotting perspectives.

APPLIED ADJUSTMENT - 3 credits

Geometric Transformations in 2-D and 3-D Space; Matrix and Polynomial Models; Employment of Commercial and Scientific Programs; GPS Data Adjustment; Absolute Positioning; Relative Positioning; Employment of Commercial and Scientific Programs; Adjustment of Altimeter Geodetic Networks (1-D); Tri-dimensional networks (3-D); Employment of Commercial and Scientific Programs.

THEMATIC CARTOGRAPHY - 3 credits

Production methods: Compilation of bases; Data source; Methods; Reproduction; Copyright. Symbology and typography: Punctual, linear and planar features; statistical surfaces; color systems; fonts and text distribution. Thematic maps: types; purpose; representation of quantitative and qualitative data; time diagrams; flow maps; contiguous and non-contiguous cartograms.

DIGITAL IMAGES PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION - 3 credits

Enhancement of images; grayscale transformation; Histogram modification; spectral rotation. Spatial filtering: smoothing; edge enhancement; directional; other filters. Elements or keys for the interpretation of images (spectral responses, size, shape, color, texture, context, etc.). Image classification: supervised and unsupervised. Homogenization of classification results: interactive interpretation and addition. Fusion of images. Development of spectral signature libraries. Applications: updating of cartographic bases and integration with GIS.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS - 3 credits

Introduction; Historic; Definitions; Conventional and Non-Conventional Databases; SIG x CAD. Models and Data Structures applied to GIS; Matrixes x Vector; Topological Models; Thematic Models; Image Templates. Functionality of a GIS; Spatial Analysis; Main GIS in the Market; Architecture; Comparative Analysis; Perspectives. Case study; Practice.

APLICATED MATH - 3 credits

Ementa: Definition of four fundamental spaces; Differences, derivatives and boundary conditions; Gaussian Elimination; Dirac Delta function; Eigenvalue and eigenvector; Linear Numerical Algebra; Differential Equations and Finite Elements; Spline; Laplace equation; Finite Differences; Fourier series for periodic functions; Legendre's polynomial; Discrete Fourier Transform, Convolution and Signal Processing; integral of Fourier; Deconvolution and Integral Equations; Wavelets; Iterative Methods; Multgrid method; Krylov subspace and Conjugate Gradient; Least squares method; Tychonov Regularization; Introduction to Linear Programming.

GIS DATA BANK - 3 credits

Menu: Concepts and Architectures; Data Modeling Using the Entity - Relationship model; Relational Model; SQL-99; SGBD POSTGRESQL;  Geographic Representation in Spatial Analysis; An object-oriented data model for Geographic applications OMT-G; ER Model to Relational model; Notions of Topology; OGC - SFSQL; SQLMM; POSTGIS Installation and Configuration; BDGeo assessment; Performing Spatial Analysis; Indexing; Query Processing; Spatio-temporal modeling; Spatial Data Warehouses; Image Support in BDGeo.